The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
Criticisms of OPEC
Waning influence of OPEC
Global Lending Groups
Criticisms of the World Bank
The International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Criticisms of the IMF
The New Development Bank (NDB)
Economic Migration and Remittance Flows
Trade in raw materials
Trade in manufactured goods
Trade in services
The Value of Remittances
International Aid Flows
Controversies of Aid
Illegal Flows
Consequences of Illegal Flows
Example of Illegal Flows (European Horsemeat Scandal)
Interdependency of networked places
Transnational Companies (TNCs)
Outsourcing to other companies and places
Disadvantages:
Case Study: Apple’s outsourcing
Case Study: Airbus
Case Study: Fender Music Instruments
Multigovernmental Organizations (MGOs)
Trade Blocs
Case Study: North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
Disadvantages of the NAFTA
Update: US-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) from 2020
Free Trade Zones (FTZs)
Case Study 1: Shanghai Pilot FTZ (SFTZ)
Case Study 2: Incheon Free Economic Zone (IFEZ)
Advantages of the IFEZ
Disadvantages of the IFEZ
General advantages and disadvantages of FTZs
Disadvantages
Migration Controls and Rules
Factors that influence migration:
Case Study 1: Qatar World Cup 2022
Case Study 2: The European Union (EU)
Controlling migration of skilled migrants
Japan: A country with strict migration policies
USA: Illegal economic migration
Big Data-Small World (The Global Village)
Why do such disadvantages emerge?
Transport developments over time
Communications Infrastructure
Case Study: ICT in India
Controversies:
Geographical Isolation
Natural Resource Availability
Characteristics of these “cursed” nations:
Why are some countries that lack resources so affluent?
Case Study 1: West Malaysia – why natural resources could be a blessing
Case Study 2: Sierra Leone’s Blood Diamonds – why natural resources could be a curse
Ryan
Ryan's score of 44 points in November 2022 examinations earned him a coveted spot in the Engineering Scholar's Programme at the National University of Singapore where he will be majoring in Chemical Engineering.
Exam-ready HL notes explaining key human rights concepts, frameworks, and political implications. • Covers major treaties and institutions • Case-based explanations •
Widely Recommended By Study Groups Insightful notes exploring tourism, global sporting events, and leisure’s political impact. Great for Global Politics HL optional
This Global Politics HL resource offers focused notes on climate issues, resilience frameworks, and political responses. • Covers both local and global
Detailed notes on consumption trends, environmental issues, and political implications of global resource use. • IB HL syllabus-aligned format • Concepts explained
Structured notes for HL Global Politics students studying development and diversity issues. • Clear explanation of development theories • Strong case studies
Top Picks For Time-Strapped Students Comprehensive HL notes on local risks such as natural hazards and social vulnerabilities, along with resilience-building policies.